OpenStreetMap and the Sutainable Development Goals. by Tyler Radford [Live captions by Norma Miller @whitecoatcapxg] >> All right, we'd like to get started, if everybody can find seats. All right, I hope you will join me in welcoming the speakers for the next three talks that we have this morning. >> Good morning, everyone. Hello! Morning ! All right, you're in the correct place for the next 90 minutes, we hope. We have three related talks, and what we wanted to do is just introduce all three of the speakers for the next 90 minutes and hope that you'll stay with us for the entire time. I'll start from your right to your left. We have Professor Britta Ricker from the University of Washington. Britta will be speaking after I talk and talking about combating hegemonic cartographic discourses with drones. Following Britta, we have Tom Gertin from -- or let me go in the correct sequence there, so we have Rory Nielsen from USAID office of transition initiatives, Rory and then Tom who's standing next to him from the US State Department humanitarian information unit, will be talking about the reality as virtual. And so just briefly, our talks, if you look in the program we're tagged as imagery and impact abroad. So what does that mean? I think one thing we all have in common is that what we're going to talk about is democratizing impact around the world in that all people have the chance to effect positive change and do it in part through OpenStreetMap and related technology so we're going to be covering some of the same topics with our talks and what we want to get across today is not only is this something that's for the future, but it's really happening now, and there are some really incredible examples we're going to showcase from around the world, so thank you guys, and I'll start off with my talk first which is entitled the world we want, not being 2030 today. So in the year 2000, the UN approved the millennium development goals, or the MDGs, they are a framework of wide goals and wide-ranging practical steps to achieving those goals. The MDGs helped to lift more than 1 billion people out of poverty, so you can see from 1990s, theres nearly -- nearly 2 billion people living on less than one dollar and 25 cents per day around the world. In 2015, that number reduced to under 1 billion. So incredible, incredible results. But many were left behind. And there's a really big reason for this. Number one was that success was measured at the national level, meaning that a country could achieve a goal, but still had millions of people who were not counted or simply left out, such as these children on the left side of the screen who presumably were not receiving a basic education. So one example in Vietnam, Vietnam met some of the millennium development goals ahead of schedule. But there are huge disparities from within the country. Children from the poorest households and this is recently as of last year, 2015, still more than twice as likely to die it have before their 5th birthday as children from the wealthiest and nearly five times more likely to be out of school. In 2015, the UN adopted a new framework. A core piece of this framework was ensuring that we didn't have -- we no longer had these types of disparities and that nobody would be left behind. But how do we get there? We really need to go down below the country level, so measure success not only at the national level, but really get down to what our colleague, Javier is in the audience today, what he called the human level, so really measuring at the microscale, and one other big change is these goals are not just for the UN, this is something that we all need to contribute to in order to achieve. So these are the goals. We've moved from 8 goals in the millennium development goals to 17 goals. These are called the sustainable development goals and they'll take us from 2015 to 2030, over the next 15 years. Simply described, it's really the largest collective effort in history to improve the lives of billions of people by setting quantitative goals and concrete targets around those goals, and the whole thing relies around measuring success and improving the quality of data that we have. So 17 global goals, 169 targets, so each of those 17 goals, they're pretty basic, but if you drill down into the goals a little bit there's much more detail behind them and each of them have multiple specific targets, and of course, just to make things even more complex, each of those targets has multiple ways to measure success around the target, so what we ended up with recently over the past few months was 230 separate indicators to measure our success, so you can probably guess already, this is a huge -- going to be a huge undertaking, a huge challenge, to do this globally. So the UN classified indicators in three ways, so Tier 1 was basically data that we already had, was ready available. Tier 2, a methodology was established to collect the data, but the data was not easily available, and then tier 3, there is some -- a potential methodology, but really not yet very well developed, so there's lots of questions as you get further down from Tier 2 to Tier 3, just basic questions in terms of how do we actually measure success against these indicators. So really we have a huge challenge, and what I'd like to -- one of my core points today is that OpenStreetMap and the OpenStreetMap global ecosystem and communities have a huge role to play in this. So there's really a huge need for data and really not only data, but open data and geo spatial data. I just took a quote from the UN's General Assembly resolution that was passed late in the fall last year, and I'll just read it for us all today: "Quality, accessible, timely and reliable disaggregated data will be needed to help with the measurement of progress and to ensure that no one is left behind." So you can see there's a keyword there, disaggregated. The national level statistics are no longer good enough. And so who's responsible for all of this? I'd like to, you know, if you look at the formal sort of viewpoint around these things, a prime responsibility is going to fall to national bureaus of statistics around the world. So they typically are seen as having primary responsibility for monitoring our progress around the goals. Much of the existing data is paper-based in close sis systems or just was not collected under the national level. And we also have something called the GMD effect. What this means is we used to have 8 goals and now we have 17 goals. We were used to measuring our success against 8 goals and we now have many more that we never devised methodologies to measure success. There are huge gaps. Energy and infrastructure goals, desire and disaster resistance and governance. You heard we measure : And so under the old system, millions of people simply weren't counted, they were left out of monitoring, because they weren't included as part of the maps or as part of the data that was being collected. And the MDGs were oftentimes not disaggregated by things like gender, age, geography, disability, income levels, and so sox these things are things we capture in OpenStreetMap, some of them are not, but many of them, especially as it relates to local geographies and local administrative boundaries, are core ways that we can help and contribute. And quite simply government can't go it alone. The number of resources that it will take to gather this data is just simply overwhelming on a global scale. We really need participation from civil society, from NGOs, from faith-based organizations and so I'm going to talk a little bit today about how we get there and what we can all be doing as a global OpenStreetMap community. One more country example. This is from Sierra Leone, just showing gaps in data available. There was a study done recently called the post 2015 data test and what this test showed is yes, quite frankly there are big data gaps. So in the bar chart here what you see in orange are areas where simply no data exists, and there was done for about 6 countries to kind of assess where we currently stand in terms of data. Some countries are obviously more further along than others, but you can see, this is quite typical, so in Sierra Leone, there's just huge gaps, especially again around energy infrastructure, environment and disaster resilience and these are all things that we have concrete examples of how we can collect better data in OpenStreetMap. Sure, you have a question? [speaking off mic] >> So this is just a number of indicators in the sustainable development goal, so how many and I'll show some examples of indicators so you guys can see more concretely, but what it's saying for example is let's look under energy. So under energy there's eight indicators and we only have good data in Sierra Leone for two of the indicators. >> Determined by the UN? >> Yeah,this was worked on by sort of a global. It was headed by the UN department of economic and social affairs, statistics division and there was input from sort of a long multiyear process of input from multiple stakeholders within the UN and outside. So we talked about today, open geo spatial data has a huge role to help fill some of these gaps, so just as a quick example on the left here, this is one of the slum areas in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. You can see these are areas where literally thousands of people live, but have never been on the map, and so each of those squares you see on the right is an individual dwelling. These are places that quite simply were invisible prior to our work there. So how can we contribute? So that's -- you saw one example. Really it's all about making the invisible visible. Helping to identify physical assets, vulnerabilities, in areas around the world. Working with communities to build their own datasets, and then the resulting data is essentially used by decisionmakers to improve basic service delivery, for things like route planning for intersections, especially around public health, like malaria reduction, getting vaccines to the right places, and quite perform, the data is also used for monitoring. So with OpenStreetMap, you get more data and you get it much more often than a ten-year census or every two or three-year national survey. So you've heard a little bit about the SDGs, I'm going to show you a little bit more about what communities have been doing already around the world, even though the SDGs are less than one year old. So SDG3 is good health and wellbeing and it really focuses on achieving universal health coverage. So this photo is from Uganda. One of HOT's team members in Uganda, Douglas, actually visiting health facilities in Uganda and recording data and not only where they exist, but what types of services are available at these health facilities, and so OpenStreetMap then, you know, it's really serving as a starting point for determining where services are available, what's the catchment area, how many people are served by these types of services. Another one, SDG6, clean water and sanitation. The goal is quite lofty, by 2030, achieve access to adequate and equitable sanitation and hygiene for all. So much in the world. A couple of things we're doing here, this photo is from Tanzania, and there are a few indicators that are relevant here. So proportion of population using safely managed sanitation services, including hand-washing, soap and water. These are things like access to latrines and basic toilets and so one of the projects we're working on right now is mapping toilets in Tanzania, putting those on the map and assessing where gaps exist. Goal No. 8 is around strengthening -- the specific target under goal 8, strengthening the capacity of domestic financial institutions to encourage and expand access to banking, insurance, and financial services. So this is a project that HOT is working on in Uganda with generous sponsorship from the Gates Foundation. Really what we're looking at here are who is included in the formal financial system, who has access to a bank account can save money and for those who don't have ready access, mobile money agents is a big one and HOT's moved to access these locations and we've covered already many thousand service locations in Uganda. But it gives you a kind of an idea of the spatial distribution of these locations. So if you can't tell what this is, hopefully you can. It's a GPS strapped onto a bicycle. And so goal 11 is around sustainable cities and this really includes a broad variety of things, but in particular, transportation. And so we're mapping transportation routes. This is from the Ramani team, mapping bicycle routes. And this is -- they did this as part of the cycle Caravan? Dar es Salaam on World Environment Day, June 5th of this year. Goal 11, it's not only transportation -- it's also things like access to adequate safe and affordable housing, so talking about urban areas where unplanned settlements and slums are on the rise and really expanding exponentially, so in Tanzania, the team there also put an area where 1.3 million people live in unplanned settlements onto the map for the first time and that's the map you saw a little bit earlier, just one small piece of what they were doing. This is the team in action, so the goals also touch on disaster resilience and people's ability to prepare for, respond to, and recover from disasters, and you'll see as part of target 11.5, it really focuses on reducing number of deaths and number of people affected by disasters, including water-related disasters and this is our team, sort of standing in probably 6 inches of water inside a home in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. The outcomes are pretty incredible. They've mapped to date close to 1 million buildings and captured over 2,000 kilometers of roads and mapped 265 kilometers of drainage. So this might be a little bit surprising. This is not about the data. Although maybe I should refine that a little bit. The data is a big piece of it, but it's not the whole picture and this is to say that the data is not meaningful by itself. It's meaningful when the data is used to effect positive change and actually really impact people's lives. So what I'd like to posit is that the process is equally valuable as the end product, so through the process of mapping, and these are some of the interns we work with in Tanzania, it's really empowering young people to use their skills for social change. They're learning leading open source technology skills, they're learning OpenStreetMap and through that process it's also contributing to goal 8, around fuller employment, so the skills that they're building is helping them to receive employment and really opens up their job opportunities after they do internships with you. And so on the left here, you see Dorica, she's one of our students from RD university in Dar a-Salaam, the work that we're doing, and the training that the students receive, it's really contributing to their overall success in not only the job market but really providing skills that they're using outside of the immediate mapping work that they're doing. And so I think we're coming to a close. I have just a few minutes left so I'm going to talk a little bit about how you can get involved, but first of all, before I do that, what used to be called unofficial data, so you know, crowdsource data, OpenStreetMap, volunteer, geographic information, it's really moving to a point where it's actually becoming official in many countries, so one example of that is -- this is the Malawi spatial data portal. This includes specific components from OpenStreetMap data extracts, and so I think the key thing here is that in the past bureaus of statistics were sort of maintaining their own datasets and separate datasets from OpenStreetMap. In many places, OpenStreetMap is becoming the global standard a and is being used by government directly in their work. So how can you help? You can always map with HOT or you can map with your local OpenStreetMap community. That's great and I encourage you to do that you probably already are doing that in many cases but there's other things you can do. So think about as you're doing mapping, take a look at those 17 goals again, you can go online and just search SDGs, think about how the work you're doing is contributing to these goals and this is a picture of the Nicaragua OSM community. You can also contribute to standards, so here are some of the humanitarian and development-related mapping standards that are out there right now. There's more in addition to these but some of these are sector specific so WASH, that's water and sanitation, these are all very much works in progress and by having better standards, we can create more consistent data at the country level and even at the subnational level. Another way you can do that is through OpenMapKit. So you can actually use these standard tagging schemes and create custom forms in OpenMapKit that standardize data collection around those data models. Support young mappers. So young mappers are at the core of what HOT does. It's really the core of the future of OpenStreetMap and not only the future but the today of OpenStreetMap. So here's a photo from Texas tech, these are youth mappers working to contribute to mapping all around the world. Number 4, can you participate in what's called a global partnership for sustainable development data. Many of you work for organizations who have already made commitments to this partnership and I'd encourage you if you haven't already made a commitment, check it out and see if it might be something relevant for your organization. Each country is also putting together plans around collecting and using this data, so there are some upcoming workshops in Tanzania and Kenya and they'll continue to expand in the comings months and year. And finally No. 5, you can help government decisionmakers make use of this data so we really need to do a better job of promoting that this data is out there, that it's available and working with governments to help them understand it and actually use the datas as part of their decisionmaking process, so working with national bureaus of statistics, working with urban planning ministries, you guys can all be helping with this, and this is about not only giving them the data, but providing them tools and analysis tools. If you haven't seen it already, this is the OpenStreetMap Analytics tool that HOT launched recently with some of our partners. This helps you drill down to the country level and analyze the mapping work that's been done and I'd encourage you to check it out if you haven't already. So those are the five official tips, this is the unofficial one. There's something online, lazy person's guide to saving the world. These are thing that you do when you're going about your daily routine and I'm going to work to get mapping in there. That's one of the things you can do as a Level 1 sofa superstar. [laughter] So thanks very much, guys, I'm going to turn it over now to Britta Ricker. She's going to work on getting set up and talking a little bit about democratization with drones. So thank you. [applause] >> So I'm told we have time for one question. So who's going to be the lucky question asker? Yes. [speaking off mic] >> You mention that the UN is, working as a methodology of how to track these indicators, and I'm wondering if part of that methodology is going to be to sort of make reference to data sources that are appropriate for tracking these indicators and if so, do you have a sense for how much of OpenStreetMap is involved in that conversation is that. >> Should I repeat the question, or is it recorded already on the mic? >> So the question was around the UN is going to be tracking these types of, you know, the indicators or progress against indicators, so will there be sort of recommended sources for, you know, where to go to get that data? If I understood correctly? Yeah, so one of the challenges is that the UN's kind of responsible, but really the responsibility falls to the country level to report up on their own progress, so we're working not only with one organization, but 193 countries, which complicates things exponentially, because each country is kind of doing their own thing, and through this global partnership for sustainable development data, this is one way that we can help promote OpenStreetMap and sort of get the message out at a broader level rather than working one by one, but we're also doing that, as well, so if any of you here are working outside the US or have contact with especially national statistics bureaus in your country, this is one way to -- we essentially need your help to help promote OpenStreetMap and help promote the data that's already out there. AUDIENCE MEMBER: Thanks. OK, so guys, you could catch me after if you have any other questions, I want to give Britta her fair share of time. So I'll turn it over to Britta. So thank you.